PUVA Treatment has been operating in the purification sector in Turkey
and the world since 2005. Our company aims to “design treatment
facilities with the highest quality and minimum operating cost” within
the scope of the operation of the facilities related to wastewater
treatment to its customers.
• As PUVA Artım, to provide all kinds of technical support and consultancy
services in addition to project, manufacturing and construction issues,
to ensure that the process is carried out in a healthy way in obtaining
the necessary permits and licenses in the Environmental Permit process,
• Ensuring the requirements and continuity of the Quality Management System ISO 9001 standard,
• Ensuring the requirements of the Environmental Management System ISO 14001 standard and other legal requirements,
• Occupational Health and Safety ISO 45002 standard requirements, other legal requirements,
Although it is among our basic criteria, our company aims to develop
continuously, to evaluate new products and technologies effectively to
meet the expectations of our customers, and to grow and develop by
shaping its targets according to customer expectations.
Electrocoagulation wastewater treatment was first proposed in
England in 1889. Then, a patent was obtained in the USA in 1909 on the
treatment of wastewater by electrocoagulation using iron and aluminum
electrodes.
The purification of drinking water by large-scale electrocoagulation was first implemented in the USA in 1946.
One of the most important factors in an electrochemical treatment
process is the type of electrode used. Generally, aluminum (Al+3) and
iron (Fe+3 or Fe+2) electrodes are used in the electrocoagulation
process. During the process operation, these electrodes react in
wastewater and metal hydroxide compounds such as Al(OH)3, Fe(OH)3 and
Fe(OH)3 are formed.
These metal hydroxides adsorb different pollution parameters in the
wastewater environment and allow it to precipitate. In this way,
pollutants are removed from the wastewater.
Pollutants in the wastewater stream are removed by chemically and
chemically bonding to collidal substances formed by
chemical/pre-precipitation or abrasion of electrodes. These pollutants
are then removed from the system by electroflotation/precipitation and
filtration. Thus, instead of adding coagulation agents to the system
from outside as in conventional coagulation processes, these substances
are produced within the system.
Electrocoagulation method is used in drinking water treatment and
recently in the treatment of paper, pulp, metal, mine, food, oil,
textile, detergent industry wastewater.
Application Areas of Electrocoagulation Process
• Treatment of wastewater containing oil and grease
• Treatment of dye, textile and food industry wastewater
• Treatment of galvanized industrial wastewater and petrochemical industry wastewater
• Paper and pulp industry
• Restaurant wastewater treatment
• Treatment of leachate containing organic matter
• Pretreatment of membrane technologies such as reverse osmosis
• Preconditioning of boiler feed water with removal of silica, hardness, AKM etc.
• Removal of kaolin, bentonite and very fine particles in water suspensions
• Sludge dewatering and heavy metal removal from wastewater
• Treatment of drinking and utility water
• Chlorine and bacteria removal before discharge or reuse of water
• Process washing and rinsing waters
• Biological oxygen demand (BOD), phosphate and nitrogen removal
• Removal of complex organics
• Breaking of oil-water emulsion
Electrocoagulation System Advantage
a) Electrocoagulation is more effective than conventional coagulation in stabilizing and removing small colloidal particles.
b) Less and more stable sludge is formed in electrocoagulation.
c) Electrocoagulation equipment is easy to use and operate.
d) There is no need to add chemicals in electrocoagulation. Therefore, it is easier to operate and maintain.
e) The sludge formed exhibits a more dewaterable structure.
f) Initial investment cost is quite low compared to alternative technologies.
g) Many pollutants are removed with a single process.
MBR Membrane Bioreactor
What is MBR System?
Membrane bioreactors (MBR) used for wastewater treatment have been
used in developed and developing countries at an increasing rate in the
last 10 years. It is predicted that many conventional wastewater
treatment plants will convert their technologies to MBRs in the coming
years, and as a result, final settling ponds will disappear. MBRs are
biological processes in suspension growth mode in which purified water
and biomass are physically separated by membrane equipment.
Membrane bioreactors (MBR) are the development of classical activated
sludge systems. It is a combination of biological reactors and membrane
technology. After biological treatment, separation is carried out by
using ultrafiltration (UF) or microfiltration (MF) membranes instead of a
settling pool.
Membrane bioreactor type (MBR) wastewater treatment plants use a new
wastewater treatment technology consisting of a combination of a
membrane ultrafilter and an aerobic biological treatment reactor.
In cases where the MBR technique is used, in addition to the high
treatment efficiency, there is no need for a settling pool in biological
treatment, and the aeration basin can be designed as one third of the
size that should be in the conventional method, thus saving over 70% in
the total settlement and construction area.
Advantages of Membrane Bioreactors
• Can operate at lower hydraulic residence time (HRT): MBRs can
operate with biological suspended solids (MLSS) concentration of
12000-15000 mg/L
• No need for final settling basin
• Can be operated at high sludge ages
• Less sludge formation
• Higher nitrification performance is observed:
• The removal performance of toxic organic compounds increases:
• System performance is independent of sludge settling.
• Output AKM concentration is too low
• Lower output BOD and COD concentration
• Very high performance physical disinfection:
Usage Areas of MBR System:
• Advanced treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater
• Especially in cases where discharge limits to water basins are in question.
• Treatment of highly polluted waters
• Obtaining irrigation water from wastewater and recycling projects
• Projects where the settlement area is insufficient for conventional methods
• Projects where the wastewater treatment plant is insufficient in capacity increases
• Recovery of wastewater in processes with high water consumption
It is used in the treatment of industrial waste water containing high pollution and non-biodegradable materials.
Chemical wastewater treatment systems are the most widely used systems for the treatment of industrial wastewater with high inorganic load. In these systems, various reactions are created by adding chemicals determined in jar tests made according to the pollution load and characteristics of the industrial wastewater. In this way, it is aimed to precipitate the inorganic pollutants in the wastewater and remove them from the water.
• Chemical Treatment Methods
• Chemical treatment systems; These are the treatment processes applied
to change the physical state of dissolved or suspended substances in
water to ensure their precipitation. In the chemical treatment process,
as a result of adding chemical substances to the waste water at
appropriate pH values, the substances desired to be precipitated are
separated from the water in the form of sludge. Chemical treatment
methods; neutralization, flocculation and coagulation.
• Neutralization: It is the process of adding acid or base in order to
adjust the appropriate pH value of acidic and basic wastewater.
• Coagulation: It is the process of adding coagulant substances to the
waste water at appropriate pH, and combining the colloidal and suspended
solids in the waste water to form a flock.
• Flocculation: Flocculation (flocculation) is the process of combining
the small particles formed by the coagulation process as a result of
mixing the waste water at an appropriate speed, and forming flocs that
can easily settle.
• Some Sectors in Need of Chemical Treatment
• Textile Factory Wastewater
• Paper Mill Wastewater
• Galvanizing and Coating Industries
• Oil Factory Wastewater
• Paint Factory Wastewater
• Petrochemical Industry Wastewaters
• Meat Integrated Processing Facilities
• Leather Industry Wastewater
• Wastewater of Plastic Recycling Facilities
Package Wastewater Treatment Plants are used for the treatment of domestic or industrial wastewater generated in small and medium-sized settlements. Our Package Wastewater Treatment Plants are designed according to the SBR (Sequential Batch Activated Sludge) System; filling, aeration, settling and discharge stages are carried out sequentially in a single reactor. Package treatment is basically a mobile treatment plant that is applied to the place where the wastewater treatment plant will be produced as modular in portable sizes and installed.
Continuous type Package Wastewater Treatment Systems are a treatment
process that is especially suitable for large flow rates. The treatment
continues continuously in the form of aeration and precipitation in the
package treatment by being fed continuously with the wastewater coming
to the biological package treatment.
Continuous type Package Wastewater Treatment Systems, on the other hand,
are treatment systems in which aeration and sedimentation periods are
in separate tanks. As long as the wastewater comes, the treatment works
actively.
Today, the most common application for the treatment of domestic
wastewater originating from small settlements is biological package
treatment systems.
Package treatment systems; It is the ideal solution for treating the
wastewater of cooperatives, hotels, motels, camps, mass housing,
lodgings, military units, campuses, farms, summer sites, rest camps,
construction sites, factories, hospitals, schools, restaurants,
organized industrial zones and towns.
Compared to other treatment systems, it does not need extensive and
independent facilities. It works in a flexible and modular structure by
being applied in a single volume and in areas that can be expressed in
square meters.
Package treatment plant is manufactured from steel material (St-37) and
is epoxy painted. The installations in contact with water are PVC and
corrosion does not occur.
Reasons for Preferring Package Treatment
• Easy setup
• Requires very small footprint
• Provides high purification efficiency
• Fully automatic operation
• Automation and remote access
• Expandable capacity
• Ability to work at full and half capacity
• Odorless and noiseless operation
• Provides minimal maintenance
The air pressed from the blower in the ventilation section is
distributed homogeneously into the pool with the help of diffusers.
In this way, the oxygen required for the formation of activated sludge
is supplied. In addition, by providing a complete mixture in this
section, it is ensured that the formed bacterial flocs do not
precipitate.
Microorganisms ensure that organic substances are not oxidized by using
the oxygen in it, thanks to the distribution of the air supplied by the
blower to the aeration tank with diffusers at equal intervals.
Microorganisms in the form of suspended solids settle to the bottom of
the tank under suitable conditions and form a sludge layer. The slurry,
which is taken from the top of the settling section, can be chlorinated
and discharged to the receiving environment by giving it to the chlorine
contact section.
Waste water treatment plants are systems that are not easy to control in
terms of both process and equipment redundancy. Controlling all the
flow in the treatment plant and leaving the equipment to be used
manually by the operator may ultimately lead to faulty situations. For
these reasons, making automation applications in waste water treatment
plants in order to catch up with the developing technology minimizes
human errors. Facilities that do not use automation systems remain
extremely primitive in today’s conditions.
Automation systems allow the facility to be operated from a single
point, as well as protecting the equipment in undesirable situations
such as overload and phase loss, and in cases such as blockage and
jamming, it has a very important place in terms of both equipment and
worker health.
Automation systems are required in order for water and wastewater
treatment plants to carry out the water process without any problems, to
intervene in the system remotely and to be instantly informed about the
changes on the system.
Thanks to SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) Remote
Control and Monitoring systems, all data in the facility (tank and pool
levels, operating status of equipment, etc.) can be monitored. Apart
from this, all equipment in the facility can be operated individually
and in automatic mode in harmony with each other. If necessary, it can
make changes in the system settings with the remote connection feature
in case the parameters change.
Automation applications also prevent equipment from operating in faulty
conditions. In this way, it is ensured that the equipment works with a
longer life. In addition, with these systems, it ensures that the
malfunctions and problems that occur in the facility area are followed
and that they are informed in case of an emergency.
Perhaps the most valuable benefit of the Scada system is that it can
inform the relevant persons via e-mail or text message about the
situations that prevent the operation of the facility or that may cause
an accident.
The most important step before the preparation of automation software
and Scada in treatment plants is the preparation of the automation
scenario. The automation scenario should be prepared by experienced and
expert people in the processes in practice.
In addition to the automation scenario, it is very important that Scada
interfaces are user-friendly and allow you to see all equipment from a
single screen rather than unnecessary pop-ups. The interface should be
as realistic as possible, malfunctions and warnings should be adjusted
to attract the attention of the operator.
Biological treatment is based on the principle of removing organic
pollutants from wastewater by using them as a source of nutrients and
energy by microorganisms.
Wastewater treatment is the physical, chemical and biological treatment
processes applied in order to regain some or all of the physical,
chemical bacteriological properties lost by water as a result of various
uses, and/or to make the natural physical, chemical, bacteriological
and ecological properties of the receiving environment intact.
The most common method used in biological treatment is activated sludge systems. Biological processes are used to convert the biodegraded and dissolved organic materials in wastewater into biodegradable and inorganic flocs to settle them in the settling pond. In many cases, biological processes, defined as second-stage processes, are run in conjunction with physical and chemical processes.
Whereas first-stage treatment (pre-settlement) is effective in
separating precipitated solids, biological processes are effective in
removing colloidal or dissolved organic compounds.
Biological Treatment Processes Biological treatment processes can be
classified as aerobic and anaerobic treatment. Aerobic purification is
the purification processes carried out in the presence of air.
• Aerobic treatment applications; Activated Sludge, Biofilm, Stabilization Pools, Aerated Lagoons. The most common aerobic biological treatment application is the Activated Sludge Process.
• Anaerobic treatment, on the other hand, is the treatment process carried out in airless environments. Its applications are Continuous Mix Reactors, Anaerobic Filters and Fluidized Bed systems.
• Activated Sludge processes; It consists of Pre-Sedimentation Pools, Aeration Pools, Final Settlement Pools and Disinfection Unit.
The disinfection process is; It is the process of eliminating bacteria and viruses in the wastewater treatment plant’s effluent before it is given to the receiving environment.
No matter how perfectly constructed a treatment plant is, if it is
not operated by experts, it can not serve the purpose, it can also
cause economic losses and environmental damage.
For this reason, the training of the personnel who will operate the
completed facility and the undertaking of the entire operating
responsibility of the facility by expert companies are among the issues
that have been emphasized in recent years.
In order for wastewater treatment systems to be efficient, they must be
operated consciously. Failure to carry out the appropriate operation
will result in the failure to meet the discharge limits, as well as the
loss of investment, energy, chemical substance, loss of workforce,
reduction in the service life of the facility and serious penal
sanctions.
The operation of wastewater treatment plants, which are established
at high costs, is a problem for industrial organizations due to the
newness of wastewater treatment practices in our country and the
scarcity of trained personnel in this field.
Zema Treatment carries out the operation of both its own facilities and
those built by other organizations with its expert staff. Business
personnel constantly; It is trained on issues such as the latest
developments in technology, increasing operational efficiency, improving
maintenance and service quality, and it is aimed to provide the highest
level of facility performance.
In addition, continuous training and development contributions are provided on quality and safety systems.
• Training and orientation of the personnel related to the treatment plant,
• To provide permissible discharge limits and output quality,
• To ensure that your treatment plant operates efficiently in the long term,
• Analyzing the effluent samples of the treatment plant, which should be done regularly, and following the results,
• Detection of malfunctions that may occur in the treatment plant and
taking urgent measures, reporting the necessary recommendations,
• Establishing the conditions of the legal regulations required within
the framework of the Environmental Law and other regulations
OHS Measurement
under the control of the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs;
• Lighting
• Thermal comfort
• Indoor noise
• Indoor emission measurements
• Personal exposure measurements (noise, dust, vibration measurements)
• Flammable, flammable and explosive gas measurements
It is done safely by us.
What is JAR Test?
The pilot scale treatment studies carried out during the design phase
of the chemical treatment to be used in drinking water and wastewater
treatment at optimum cost and efficiency are called the “Jar Test”.
It is an empirical process for calculating the coagulant, appropriate
working pH value, mixing speed, mixing and settling time, doses and
concentrations of chemicals to be used in the treatment process of
drinking water, utility water and wastewater to be treated with the Jar
test.
Coagulation (coagulation) and flocculation (flocculation) are dependent
on several factors, such as temperature, turbidity, color, pH,
alkalinity, mixing intensity, mixing time and characteristics of the
chemical reagent used. For this reason, the most appropriate coagulant
dose cannot be determined from the analyzes of the water, but can be
determined by performing the jar test (Jar Test), which is called actual
dosage experiments. However, if there are changes in the composition of
the water coming to the treatment plant, the jar test should be done
again and the amounts should be checked.
In the chemical treatment process, the first step is coagulation (Fast
mixing), the second step is flocculation (Slow mixing), and the last
step is settling. In the coagulation process, chemicals are added to the
waste water and mixed by means of a mechanical fast mixer. The purpose
of rapid mixing is to spread the chemicals homogeneously in the waste
water in order to increase the flock amount. The residence time and
velocity gradient were important parameters for the design of the rapid
mixing unit.
Our technical service unit primarily provides services to our facilities
that we have designed and to other companies in the sector in need in
line with the demands.
The Technical Service unit consists of a professional team with
sufficient knowledge and equipment. In addition to avoiding problems in
the facilities, ensuring the stable operation of wastewater treatment
plants and clean water treatment systems, it strives to conclude any
problems that may arise with a 100% solution as soon as possible. You
can get a solution by reaching all the materials and equipment you may
need 24/7 from our technical service unit.